Spartan Women Vs Atheian Women Essay Research free essay sample

Spartan Women Vs Atheian Women Essay, Research Paper The Women of Ancient Greek Times In Ancient Greek times about 4BC, adult females were typically subordinated. An illustration of this intervention can be seen in the lives of adult females populating in Athens. In contrast, a adjacent country, Sparta, illustrated a different manner of life for their adult females. Sparta was located in the south-central part of the Peloponnesian and was a more stray civilization. It was dependent upon agribusiness while Athens was widely distributed and dependent on industry and trade. With the separation of the two countries, was besides the separation of thoughts and apprehensions, and as a consequence, the construct of a adult females and her position was rather different in the two societies due to patriarchy. Differences were chiefly seen in instruction, matrimony, and maternity. The democracy of the Athenian society existed with patriarchate. As a consequence, the Athenian society made a major displacement in the worship of Goddess to God. Harriman said, The Athenian democracy began to unequivocal signifier Its Torahs served to crystallise the subordination of adult females, ( 55 ) . An Athenian adult female was practically an object herself. She could non have belongings and was excluded from going a citizen. ( Taylor, 1999 ) . If the hubby died, she became a practical slave really few rights. In general, the adult female was the topic to a life of subservience. The adult females were lawfully dependent upon her hubby or male parent. All in all, she was encouraged to a have a quiet life style, really much unlike that of a Spartan adult female. As a consequence of the males of Sparta ever at war, the adult females had more freedom. They had many rights that Athenian adult females did non hold. Sparta was considered highly close and leery of foreigners ( Sickinger, 1997 ) . The adult females could have a control belongings. A adult female was expected to catch her hubby s belongings when he was off at war to guard it from foreigners. The society that existed in Spartan was entirely to profit the province ( Taylor, 1999 ) . Therefore, this meant bring forthing the best warrior possible. Basically a strong adult female would bring forth strong progeny. Mothers were extremely honored. A female parent who died in childbearing, every bit good as a adult male who had died in hitter, were the lone two single whose names were recorded on their grave. Spartan adult females were proud of who they were, married womans and female parents of soldiers. An Athenian adult female was seen as unprompted, less rational, emotional, and weaker than males. The position of the Athenian adult females was minimum and merely a little measure above slave ( Sickinger, 1997 ) . She lacked experience in the universe and was dependent upon adult male. Women were on Earth for the interest of reproduction, to bear boies, and to populate with her male parent and so conserve s name. During a girls life, she was non expected to gain an instruction, nor learn to read or compose. The instruction they did have involved spinning, weaving, and other domestic humanistic disciplines ( Hooker, 1995 ) . On the otherhand, the instruction of Spartan adult females was to be taken earnestly as a consequence of the work forces off at war. They could non implement patriarchate while they were off. As a consequence, adult females had more freedom. Education was instituted as a province policy for both adult male and adult female ( Hooker, 1995 ) . This instruction was non entirely academic. They were taught how to read and compose. In add-on, physical instruction taught them to protect themselves. A female s instruction was tantamount to that of the male, which included athletic events such as javelin, pes races, staged conflicts, and discus. They were besides taught that their lives should be dedicated to the province ( Hooker, 1995 ) . Marriage was another good exa mple of how the two Grecian societies differed in thoughts about adult females. In Athens, misss were raised to be kept and protected. They hardly left their family ( Taylor, 1999 ) . Womans did play an of import function in the 120 festivals, which took topographic point every twelvemonth. This was the lone contact that adult females had with the outside universe. In this peculiar society, matrimony was seen as the most ritualistic facet of life ( Taylor, 1999 ) . The nuptials was arranged by the male parent of the bride. During the following few months, several different events took topographic point before the nuptials. First the miss gave off all of her playthings to the Temple of Arthemis, her hair was cut, and even sometimes her girdle was offered to Athena Apatoria ( Taylor, 1999 ) . Second, the bride was taught specific domestic responsibilities that she would execute for the remainder of her life. Next a series of rites followed and so came the dark before the nuptials. On t his dark, the twosome takes ritual baths and the male parent makes forfeits to the g-ds of Hera, Zeus, Artemis, Aphirochite, and Peitho ( Taylor, 1999 ) . The matrimonial contract was between the groom and the male parent while the bride s dowery was given to the male parent s brother. If a married woman was widowed, it became the male parent s brother s responsibility to happen her another hubby ( Sickinger, 1997 ) . In the Spartan society, matrimony was seen as a non-ceremonious event. Unlike other Grecian societies, a adult female was non married until subsequently when she was at least 18 to 20 old ages of age ( Taylor, 1999 ) . This was based on the evidences that she was to the full matured. The thought of how a adult female was married was said to reflect the desire to bring forth vigorous offspring. The adult female was abducted in the dark by her suer, her caput shaved, and so put into work forces s vesture. She was so placed on a straw palette in the dark where her and her suer would run into to do progeny ( Sickinger, 1997 ) . Any Spartan adult male could kidnap a married woman and this lead to a system that consisted of many hubbies and one married woman and frailty versa ( Taylor, 1999 ) . When kids were born, female parents of affluent households had really small to make with its upbringing. Alternatively, the slaves took attention of the upbringing. The restrictions of intercourse w ere thought to increase 1s eagerness and hence increase the opportunities of a stronger progeny. Women did many different things to excite the adult male and which would so ensue in stronger offspring. Such an illustration of this is to travel about her concern, either sports or heartening for the hubby in the nude ( Harriman, 58 ) . As a consequence of patriarchate, the Athenian society like most other Grecian societies, regulated the position of a adult female. She became a piece of belongings and was non allowed to go a citizen. In contrast, the adult females of the Spartan society had a great trade of freedom and owned belongings every bit good. This was the consequence of their hubbies contending at war because of Sparta changeless warfare and their inability to command patriarchate. Consequently, the two societies took on different positions of a adult females and her position in many countries such as matrimony, instruction, and maternity. Mentions Harriman, H. H. ( 1995 ) . Womans in the Western Heritage. Guilford, Connecticut: The Dushkin Publishing Group. Hooker, R. ( 1995 ) . Retrieved September 19, 2000 from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wsu.edu/ dee/GREECE/GREECE.HTM Sickinger, J. ( 1997 ) . Retrieved September 19, 2000 from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //mailer.fsu.edu/ jsicking/cla3501/summer/lec15.html Taylor, J. ( 1999, April ) . Retrieved September 20, 2000 from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.anthro.mankato.msus.edu/prehistory/aegean/amazons/linksandbibliography.html

Research Paper On Gender Identity And Stereotyping. Essays

Research paper on Gender Identity and Stereotyping. Introduction and Background This research group was assigned the topic of Gender Identity and Stereotyping. As a group we discussed why we chose this topic and how it affects us in our lives. We first has to come up with the definition of gender. However before the definition is given there needs to be some explanation of some termonlogy. Most people think gender is the sex that we were assigned at birth. Upon further study this research group found that gender is more of a psychological process that children go through to acquire the characteristics of male or female in their prescribed cultures.(Child Development third addition) Gender Stereotyping is the expectation or belief that individuals within a certain culture hold about the behaviors that are characteristics of male or female in their given culture. As a research group we talked about how gender stereotyping can influence a childs development. This research group also talked about what types of stereotyping might affect the child's development and who has the most affect on a child's gender development. (Child Development third addition) As a group we came up with some questions about gender stereotyping that we discussed and that we wanted to research. The group came up with one question about gender stereotyping that we wanted to research the question is How Preschool and Kindergarten aged children are influenced by gender stereo typing in their development. The question was divided into seven parts. They include: How parents influence a child, how peers influence a child, how books influence a child, how toys influence a child, and how television and siblings influence a child's development. This research project Involved a questionnaire that was given out haphazardly to various individuals within the groups community. The questionnaire was responded to by fifty individuals, all of which responded to it and gave it back. We took the answers and compiled them and started our research from the answers that were given.(Delores, Cynthia, research paper)

Branches of Government Essays - James Madison, United States

Branches of Government Essays - James Madison, United States Branches of Government Branches of Government Before the Constitution was written in 1787, it was inevitable that our nation was headed for failure. The United States government under the Articles of Confederation did not have enough power to control the states or the people; each state was governed by the states own Constitutions. Our nation was growing and a new form of national government was necessary to control the states, the people, and our nations already growing debts. During the Philadelphia convention, delegates formed a powerful government that still allowed states to control their people. Patterson (2009) describes a constitution as ?the fundamental law that defines how a government will legitimately operate ? the method for choosing its leaders, the institution through which these leaders will work, the procedures they must follow in making policy, and the powers they can lawfully exercise.? The United States Constitution defined how our new system of government would function, and this system is known as federalis m. To appease each states concern with possessing such a strong national government, our forefathers divided the government into three different branches ? legislative, judicial, and executive. This system of division is known as checks and balances. With this system of checks and balances, each branch would be able to oversee the other branches to ensure that each branch was complying with the constitution and that no branch would try to take over the country and form a monarchy (Perkel, n.d.). Having three branches of government could become confusing and difficult to control without implementing a set system on how each branch will operate and interact with each other. The Executive Branch of our government is overseen by the president of the United States. The president is the one who enforces the laws that the Legislative Branch makes (The Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, 2011). The Legislative branch of our government is also known as Congress. The Legislative branch (Congress) is divided into two parts, the Senate and the House of Representatives. Together, Congress creates our laws. The representatives are the people who meet to discuss if bills should become laws (The Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, 2011). The last branch of government to discuss is our Judicial Branch that is made up of the Supreme Court and nine Justices. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. This branch of government includes ?special judges who interpret laws according to the Constitution? (The Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, 2011). This interpretation is known as judicial review, ?and it is how federal courts provide checks and balances on the legislative and executive branches? (USA.gov, 2011). There are also lower courts established in each state that hear cases that involve federal issues (The Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, 2011). One may question if this system of government is successful and if the branches power are balanced. Having three separate branches of government is a successful way to balance power. Dixon (2008) simply explains the system that our three branches have: ?One branch puts the idea out to get the idea signed. One makes sure that the job is going to get done, and the other enforces the decision on paper or in court for the ones who don?t agree.? Throughout the years since our Constitution was ratified, our government has had ups and downs. As the ?downs? come along, our government?s system ensures that these problems will be fixed. The problems are fixed not by one branch of government (which could be one sided), but by all three branches. But what about the power that each branch holds - are they really balanced? Whether a person is part of the Legislative, Judicial, or Executive Branch, there are certain powers that each branch of government can do. A member of the House of Representatives cannot walk in the Supreme Court and start making decisions. Same goes for the president, member s of the senate, and the justices ? they each have their own designated power. As easy as this balance of power sounds, there was undoubtedly some conflict between supporters of a strong federal government and champions of states? rights when the government was first formed. When the delegates were forming

Characteristics of a good citizen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Characteristics of a good citizen - Essay Example Another vital responsibility is by participating in elections and exercising their right to vote. They have to show responsibility because it is a requirement for democratic governments (Jackson 2013). To be a good citizen, an individual should participate in all community activities at all times and be involved in the betterment of the lives of other citizens. Participation in community requires people to know what is happening in the neighborhood and report anything suspicious to the authorities. To be a good citizen, one also needs to be civically active and obey laws all the time. All these actions are vital because they make the society safe and a better place to live (Jacques 2011). The actions are a sign of active citizenship, and they facilitate governance at all levels of the society. Active citizenship is a significant step towards a healthy nation. Crime tends to reduce because criminals cannot thrive in a community that reports wrongdoers and suspicious people to the law enforcers. There are also significant economic gains when people contribute their efforts to society developments. There is also increased peace because people get contented with the leaders they choose. Jackson, R. (2013, December 5). Government of the People: The Role of the Citizen. Retrieved June 26, 2015, from

Christian Counseling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Christian Counseling - Essay Example This is the reason why church counseling had been given birth. The issues that could be addressed by individuals towards the church are not limited. The fact that the authorities of the church are believed to have been continuously assisted by God in all their ways, it could not be denied that the assistance they provide believing individuals is indeed practical and applicable. People spend millions of dollars on self-help books and professional counseling. While the advice thus found may sometimes be helpful, a Christian's faith leads him to a far better source of aid. Says James: "So, if any one of you is lacking in wisdom, let him keep on asking God, for he gives generously to all and without reproaching; and it will be given him. But let him keep on asking in faith, not doubting at all, for he who doubts is like a wave of the sea driven by the wind and blown about." (James 1:5,6) A Christian's faith is the guarantee that such divine aid will be provided. He has no hesitancy about approaching God in this way, for 'he has this freeness of speech and an approach with confidence through his faith in [Christ].'(Ephesians 3:12) True, the degree that professional counselors garnered from their respective universities cannot be denied to have a certain level of high standard when it comes to dealing with individuals who are having problems of different sorts. However, this truth cannot also be denied of the fact that their counseling procedures are based upon the capability of humans to resolve their issues. How the Church Handles Counseling On the contrary, the church relies on the most powerful source of knowledge and practical counsel, the Bible. Admittedly, the direction God gives people can at times seem difficult, perhaps even impossible-to implement. Abraham, for example, received God's promise that he and his wife were to have a son. Considering the fact that their reproductive powers were 'dead,' attempting to have this child seemed futile. Yet, says Paul: "Although [Abraham] did not grow weak in faith, he considered his own body, now already deadened, as he was about one hundred years old, also the deadness of the womb of Sarah. But because of the promise of God he did not waver in a lack of faith, but became powerful by his faith, giving God glory and being fully convinced that what he had promised he was also able to do." (Romans 4:19-21) From Abraham's example, it could be noted that the only thing needed to have fine results from the Church's way of counseling is to have faith that these particular guidance assistances could lead to the betterment of the situations that each individual deals with at present. While God is not at this time performing such direct miracles, Christians today find

Pest Essay Example for Free

Pest Essay Hong Kong is politically stable, there would rarely be any political factors that will interrupt and slow down the company’s growth. Hong Kong doesn’t have goods and services tax so this allows McDonalds to have lower expenses and they can maximize their profit. The international operations of Mcdonald’s are highly influenced by the individual state policies enforced by each government. Economic- The economic collapse has caused Hong Kong to enter the recession stage in the economic cycle. Therefore the demands for low price food increase tremendously and this benefited McDonald, since the foods are cheap and the quality is guaranteed. Inflation has caused McDonald to raise meal price, in long term, as inflation raised to a point that it will be too expensive and McDonald will lose its large customer base. But still Mcdonald’s is still a market leader and it got a very (high)large target market. low cost more incomes. The rate at which the economy of that particular state grows determines the purchasing power of the consumers in that country. Social- McDonald is a fast food restaurant company so they can perform their services in a short period of time and this fits with the fast paced lifestyle in Hong Kong. In the past few years Hong Kong people are more aware of healthy eating, so they stay away from high calories and high cholesterol food. McDonald tries to prevent the loss of customer by adding healthier food in the menu such as salads sweet corn. Working within many social groups. Increase employments. Technology- Hong Kong has a well developed transportation system, especially the airport that has airlines that connects to different part of the world. Their food supplies can be delivered from all around the world in a short period. Computers and smart cashiers are used by the employees so they would not get confused and they are provided with customized database management system. They also have Wifi provide in every McDonalds also, its very convenient for people that is using laptop. Quality packing and standards. Advanced technology development. Local manufacture using foreign supplies. | | Strength| Strong brand name, image and reputation- Clean environment and play areas for children (bday party provided)- 24 hours- Customer intimacy- Product innovation- Supplier integration| Weaknesses| High staff turnover (food going to waste)- Unhealthy food image- Low depth and width of product- Unbalanced meals (mostly meat, amount of fruit or vegetable not much)| Opportunities| Expand into Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities- Growth of the fast-food industry- Worldwide deregulation- Low cost menu that will attract the customers- Freebies and discounts- Can open up online service for customers Growing health trend (fresh burger or healthy dessert)| Threats| Increase competition from local fast food outlets- Mcdonald’s competitors threatened market share of the company both internationally and domestically- Health issues – Health professionals and consumer activities accuse Mcdonald’s of contributing to the country’s health issue of high cholesterol, heart attacks, diabetes and obesity- Lack of choices (customers will change their taste anyday)- Global recession and fluctuating foreign currencies- Fast-foo d chain industry is expected to struggle to meet the expectations of the customers towards health and environmental issues|

Electronic Music :: Art

Electronic Music Lets go back to 1916 where Hugo Balle, Tristan Tzara, Marcel Janco, and Richard Hue- Isenbeck are finding the Dada artistic movement. These guys are a bunch of anarchists living in Zurich, Switzerland. The Dada movement preaches the â€Å"essence of spirit† the freedom of expression, hatred to â€Å"the great war† (or what we later called World War 1) , with a want to preserve the middle class, while humankind was degrading morally, with little or no hopes for a bright future. This goes in context with this CS3 course in how before world war 1, man thought so much was to come. The Dada movement expressed the deterioration or our civilizations due to wars through sound and not words. They thought sound was more sincere and liberal. These guys noticed that music doesn’t have a specific language, so more people can relate to it. They would rebel against what was happening in the world by creating music based on industrial noises. You have to think that back then everyone listened to polka, piano, and Stravinsky. When all of a sudden this â€Å"Dada† movement started using tools to bang on pots and pans to create music. It was not in any way popular, but these guys contributed the base for â€Å"Electronic Music†. Electronic Music is basically making noises into music not by instruments, but rather through alternative sources. The Dada Movement didn’t use electricity to make their music mainly because it’s the early 20th century and electricity was somewhat a luxury. So to be honest it was in the 1920’s that the worlds first synthesizer was born officially launching an era still very active today in all of our lives, yes, called electronic music. The first instrument was made by a Russian electronics genius named Leon Theremin and he called his synthesizer a â€Å"Theremin†. The cool thing about this synth is that it didn’t have a keyboard like synths do now; it was simply a device that senses changes in electromagnetic waves. Basically you stand in front of it and wave your hands back in fourth and it will make noises and tones out of that. So as everyone else go into Hollywood and Rock N Roll, the world was still not speaking the same language of music. People in the Middle East listened to Um-Kilthoum at the same time Elvis was dancing to the Jail House Rock.